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Abstract
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Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (licorice), primarily known for its bioactive compound glycyrrhizin, offers
anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. Traditional propagation methods face challenges
like slow growth and high costs, necessitating sustainable production strategies. In vitro adventitious root cultures emerge as a promising solution, providing rapid growth and stable metabolite
accumulation. Before studying varying sucrose concentrations (10–60 g/L) on G. glabra adventitious root cultures, optimal conditions were set: half-strength MS medium, 2.5 g/L inoculum
density, and 1 mg/L IBA for seven weeks. While 30 g/L sucrose was optimal for biomass production, lower concentrations (10, 20, and 30 g/L) significantly enhanced the production of
phenolic, flavonoid, and saponin compounds compared to higher levels. A sucrose concentration
of 10 g/L resulted in the highest glycyrrhizin content and the greatest contents of phenolics and
flavonoids. Total saponin content peaked at 10 g/L, statistically similar to that at 20 g/L. The
highest antioxidant activity was also recorded at 10 g/L, with no significant differences for 20 and
30 g/L. While the lower concentrations (10, 20, and 30 g/L) showed comparable phenolic,
flavonoid, and saponin yields, 10 g/L consistently exhibited the highest values. Additionally,
glycyrrhizin yield at 10 g/L was significantly higher than at other concentrations. Maximum
polysaccharide content and yield were obtained at sucrose concentrations of 60 and 30 g/L,
respectively, with no significant difference between them. This variation in sucrose concentrations is due to distinct biosynthetic pathways for each compound, emphasizing the importance of
these findings for future studies on other parameters, especially in bioreactor applications.
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