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Keywords
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Antifungal activity, Bunium persicum, FUM1 and FUM14 genes, Fusarium verticillioides, Real time-PCR
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Abstract
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Background and Purpose: Black Cumin of Kerman (Bunium persicum) is an Iranian
plant that is commonly used as an antispasmodic, carminative, and antimicrobial
substance. The present study aimed to assess different components of the essence of B.
persicum and its effect on antifungal activity, spore germination inhibition, and
expressions of FUM1 and FUM14 genes in Fusarium verticillioides strains.
Materials and Methods: The essence was extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed
through gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. A broth microdilution method was used
for the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). In addition, the
expression of FUM1 and FUM14 genes of toxigenic F. verticillioides was assessed by
using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique.
Results: Based on the findings, most of the essence consisted of γ-terpinene (15.56%),
propanal, and 2-methyl-3-phenyl (14.18%). The oil showed a good antifungal activity
(mean MIC value: 2556.8 μg/ml) as well as the inhibition of spore germination and
mycelial growth (P<0.05). The RT-PCR demonstrated that the expression levels of
FUM1 and FUM14 of B. persicum-treated F. verticillioides were 0.43 and 0.53 folds
lower than the control samples, respectively.
Conclusion: These findings revealed that the essential oil of B. persicum has different
components responsible for the inhibition of mycelial growth and spore germination of
F. verticillioides as well as reduction of expressions of FUM1 and FUM14 genes
involving fumonisin production.
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