مشخصات پژوهش

This study introduces a new approach for introducing a bidirectional elastic modulator that operates for acoustic systems in the megahertz frequency range. The proposed modulator combines a Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) with a magnetic material within a solid–solid phononic crystal (PnC). In fact, a new method has been developed to manipulate the interference of acoustic waves utilizing a magnetic field in a distinctive PnC-MZI configuration. This suggested modulator is simple and convenient for application in acoustic communication systems and networks. The PnC structure comprises a square lattice composed of Tungsten cylinders embedded in a PMMA substrate. The Mach–Zehnder interferometer consists of two symmetrical arms, with each arm containing an embedded Terfenol-D material. The proposed modulator operates dynamically by altering the Young’s modulus of Terfenol-D through the application of an external magnetic field. By considering three different values of Young’s modulus for the Terfenol-D hollow cylinders in the two arms, distinct phase shifts for propagating waves are achieved, resulting in three levels of intensity in the modulator’s output in the proposed modulator. Another advantage of the proposed configuration is its bidirectional functionality. Furthermore, the modulator demonstrates a high extinction ratio of − 22.2 dB and a low insertion loss of 0.4 dB, indicating its excellent performance. The simulations are fulfilled using the finite element method.