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Abstract
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Background:
Alkaline phosphatases are a group of enzymes that hydrolyze phosphate-containing molecules under alkaline conditions. AP activity is an accepted marker for pluripotent stem cells. It has been shown that maintaining AP activity in the formation and maintenance of cells with cloning potential and self-renewal of undifferentiated ES are positively correlated. Lin28 and Sall4 proteins are expressed in testicular gonocytes as a transcription factor. They are expressed in germ cells and have different roles in maintaining the proliferation and differentiation of embryonic stem cells.
Methods:
In the following paper, we examined the Alkaline phosphatase expression in Spermatogonial stem cells and embryonic stem cells with Alkaline phosphatase assay, and the expression of Lin28 and Sall4 with Real-Time and Fluidigm PCR, and PPI network analysis.
Results:
This experiment and investigation showed that Alkaline phosphatase is positively expressed in spermatogonial stem cells and embryonic stem cells. Its expression is reduced and negatively expressed in differentiated cells. Also, Lin28 and Sall4 have a positive and significant expression (p<0.05) in these two cell populations and negative expression in differentiated cells. Also, these two genes, which were selected based on a direct effect on the regulation of alkaline phosphatase expression, play a role in regulating spermatogenesis and each other's expression.
Conclusion:
Alkaline phosphatase, Lin28, and Sall4 have a positive expression in spermatogonial stem cells and embryonic stem cells and can be used as markers for embryonic and germ cells. They are also involved in regulating spermatogenesis.
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