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Abstract
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Background: Many recent studies have documented that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) as a safe supplement raise seizure
thresholds. However, the evidence of seed oil supplements on seizure susceptibility remains controversial, and among them, Echium
seed oil (EO) is a mixture of ω-3 and ω-6 PUFAs.
Objectives: This study aimed to test the effects of the sub-chronic administration of EO on intravenous pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)
seizure threshold, considering its antioxidant activity and biochemical parameters.
Methods: Fifty male mice were divided into five groups (10 in each), including control (no treatment), vehicle (sesame oil),
and EO (1, 3, and 5 g/kg) groups. Vehicle and EO were administered p.o. once a day for four weeks. Then, the intravenous PTZ
induced-seizure threshold was determined. Finally, the serum concentration of lipid, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase (ALT),
aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was assessed.
Results: Pretreatment with EO raised the seizure threshold dose-dependently compared to the vehicle. Pretreatment with EO had no
adverse effect on the serum concentration of ALP, AST, ALT, creatinine, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein
(LDL), but at the dosages of 3 and 5 g/kg decreased the concentration of cholesterol, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) (P < 0.05),
and triglyceride (TG) (P < 0.01). Also, 1 and 3 g/kg of EO improved the activity of SOD (P < 0.01).
Conclusions: Pretreatment with EO increases the seizure threshold without negative impacts on the liver and kidney biomarkers,
correlated with its positive effects on antioxidant activity and serum lipid profiles.
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