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Abstract
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Here we report the biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) using aqueous extract of medicinally
active Mentha mozaffarianii for biomedical applications. ZnO-NPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD),
Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, and
Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The sharp and narrow diffraction peaks in the whole spectrum
revealed that the ZnO-NPs are nanosized and well crystalized. FE-SEM analysis exhibited the spherical shape of
the biosynthesized ZnO-NPs (mean diameter of about 20–29 nm). EDX analysis confrmed the formation of
highly pure ZnO-NPs. ZnO-NPs exerted distinct effects on cancer cell lines while posing no impact on normal
fbroblast cells. ZnO-NPs were primarily effective against HeLa (IC50: 50.1 μg/ml) cells, followed by MDAMD231 (IC50: 54.9 μg/ml), and LS180 (63.4 μg/ml) cell lines. The biogenic ZnO-NPs revealed potent antimicrobial activity against two Gram-negative [Enterobacter aerogenes (maximum zone of inhibition (MZI): 20 mm)
and Klebsiella pneumoniae (MZI: 22 mm)] and two Gram-positive [Bacillus subtilis (MZI: 23.2 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus] strains of bacteria, and four strains of fungi [C. glabrata (MZI: 17.5 mm), C. albicans (MZI: 21
mm), P. oryzae (MZI: 15 mm), C. neoformans (MZI: 16 mm)]. These fndings provide preliminary information for
the development of anticancer and antimicrobial drugs using biosynthesized ZnO-NPs.
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