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Abstract
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Purpose The signaling pathway of spermatogenesis may be identified by analyzing and contrasting the similarities and differences
in the expression and regulation of important pluripotent stem cell genes during spermatogenesis.
Methods In this study, after isolating spermatogonial, embryonic stem cells and embryonic stem–like cells (ES-like) were
prepared. The expression of alkaline phosphatase is then measured, and then it was discovered how genes directly connected
to alkaline phosphatase interact by investigating their protein-protein interaction network. In the following, Fluidigm PCR
and immunocytochemistry are utilized in spermatogonial, embryonic, and ES-like stem cells to evaluate the expression of
Sox2, Oct4, and Nanog genes.
Results Alkaline phosphatase is expressed positively in spermatogonial stem cells and pluripotent stem cells but not in Sertoli
cells or fibroblasts, indicating that this enzyme is exclusive to these cell types. Sox2, Oct4, and Nanog have a positive and
significant expression (P<0.05) in spermatogonial, embryonic stem cells, and ES-like cells, and a decreased expression is
observed in differentiated and Sertoli cells.
Conclusion Alkaline phosphatase and the genes Sox2, Oct4, and Nanog, which have a critical role in regulating the spermatogenesis
process, have a regulatory role on each other’s activity and have a specific expression pattern in pluripotent and
spermatogonial stem cells.
Lay Summary The expression of Sox2, Oct4, and Nanog genes are very vital in regulating the expression of other genes and
factors involved in the control and regulation of spermatogenesis. Therefore, examining their expression level and also how
they are related can be helpful in the finding causes of infertility diseases. Also, investigating the sources of pluripotent stem
cells like ES-like cells can be very important in relation to the emergence of new cell therapy methods.
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