مشخصات پژوهش

Introduction: polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine condition that is a leading cause of infertility among women who are reproductively mature with an upward trend incidence worldwide. There are research studies which indicate that there is a genetic component to PCOS as some studies have found that there is an increased risk of developing it among firstdegree relatives of women with the condition. Purpose: Since women with PCOS are characterized by inflammation, metabolic abnormalities, and endocrine imbalances, we sought to determine whether gene expression profiles of specific endometrial cell populations, including eMSCs, in PCOS endometrium could provide insight into the origin of these abnormalities and subfertility. Methods/ Material: We used the GSE48301 dataset in order to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in our study. A further analysis of miRNA enrichment was carried out. Using the STRING database, protein-protein interactions were visualized and analyzed. Results: According to gene expression analysis, 108 genes were highly expressed during cyst formation, while 85 genes were decreased. An increase in expression was observed in three genes named CCNA2, SMAD2 and MCM3 within the cell cycle pathway. As far as these three genes are concerned, MCM3 appears to be more important than the others. In addition, we identified mmu-miR-1843-3p, mmu-miR-1949, and mmu-miR-219-5p as regulatory factors for these three genes after analyzing miRNAs. Discussion: Considering the important role of the MCM3 gene in the cell cycle and its expression and importance in the tissues of the uterus and cervix, as previously studied by researchers, as well as observing the expression of this gene in cystic tissues, this gene could be used as a target for gene therapy and biomarkers. Nevertheless, it cannot be denied that there is a need for more comprehensive studies in this area.